History of chemistry

A wonderful BBC documentary which is worth to see!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25lprEvoFJ8

Addition reactions in organic chemistry

Hydrocarbons and addition reactions:

http://www.starscience.net/chemistryBG/organic2_e.htm

http://www.starscience.net/chemistryBG/hydrocarbons.htm

Properties of ethene:

http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-iii/hydrocarbons/ethene-animation.php

Introduction to Chemistry - Animations

Animations from Mark Bishops' textbook:

http://preparatorychemistry.com/Bishop_Water_frames.htm

Dissolving NaCl in water:

http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/molvie1.swf

http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/Biology1111/animations/dissolve.html

Structure of ice and water:

http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=57

http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/122Adensityice.html

Introduction to Chemistry - Animations

Animations from Mark Bishops' textbook:

http://preparatorychemistry.com/Bishop_Water_frames.htm

Carbon cycle

Explanation of Carbon cycle:

http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/co2_cycle.html

Carbon dioxide and greenhouse effect

Look at this simple experiment which shows the effect of carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8394168.stm

Balancing equations

A nice site for balancing equations with a lot of examples to exercise:

http://richardbowles.tripod.com/chemistry/balance.htm

Hybridization

Nice demonstrations for hybridization:

http://www.colby.edu/chemistry/OChem/DEMOS/Orbitals.htm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1fGXDRxS6k

Organic chemistry

Look at this site for help in organic chemistry:

http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/carey/student/olc/ch01summary.html

Scientific method

What is the scientific method and how to organize your experiments? You can look at the following site:

http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_scientific_method.shtml

periodic table

For those of you who are fascinated by the periodic table, this site with short videos for every element will be very useful:

http://www.periodicvideos.com/

Revision-Thermochemistry, Kinetics, Equilibrium, Acids and bases and Electrochemistry

A very good site for revision of some topics:

http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/chem30_05/1_energy/energy1_1.htm

Educational sites

Explore top rated educational sites on this link:

http://classroom.web44.net/links/Chemistry/education_links.html

Energetics

What is enthalpy (H):

http://www.ausetute.com.au/enthchan.html

Hess law and some calculations:

http://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/enthalpy.htm

http://grandinetti.org/Teaching/Chem121/Lectures/Enthalpy/index.html

Entropy and the second law of thermodynamics:

http://www.secondlaw.com/two.html#time

Transition metals

Transition metals:

http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch12/crystal.php


Oxidation states in Transition elements:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/transition/features.html

Color in transition metals:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/complexions/colour.html

Period 3 oxides and chlorides

Period 3 oxides and chlorides:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/period3menu.html#top

Aldehydes and ketones

What are the important reactions of carbonyl compounds? You can read following this site:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/carbonylmenu.html#top

Alcohols

Please, visit this site if you want to learn more about alcohols:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/alcoholmenu.html#top

Halogenoalkanes-substitution versus elimination

You can read about nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions with halogenoalkanes on this site:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/mechanisms/nucsub/hydroxide.html#top

States of matter

 A good animation about states of matter:

http://www.mpcfaculty.net/mark_bishop/KMT.htm 

Vision learning

A wonderful site which starts with the atom and goes through different topics we discuss in class:

http://www.visionlearning.com/library/cat_view.php?cid=1&l=&c3=

Bonding lessons

Here are some interesting bonding lessons with good animations:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/bondingmenu.html#top

http://www.chem.ox.ac.uk/vrchemistry/electronsandbonds/intro1.htm

http://www.ausetute.com.au/intermof.html

http://www.creative-chemistry.org.uk/molecules/index.htm

A good site for Lewis structures and shapes of molecules with quiz questions:

http://grandinetti.org/Teaching/Chem121/Lectures/LewisDot/

Intermolecular forces determine many properties of the substances. Read here to learn more about their nature:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/bonding/vdw.html#top

Some confidence building questions on intermolecular forces:

http://www.science.uwaterloo.ca/~cchieh/cact/c123/intermol.html


Relationship between structure and properties:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/structures/ionicstruct.html#top


Phase changes occur without changing temperature:

http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/energy/heatAndTemperature/changesOfPhase/changeOfState.html


To read about the hybridisation you can browse this site:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/basicorg/bondmenu.html#top

What are the buckyballs (fullerenes)? How were they discovered and many interesting facts about this new allotropic form of carbon you can read on the following sites?

http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/buckball/buckball.html

http://mathforum.org/alejandre/workshops/buckyball.html

Interactive IB syllabus site

Look at this interactive site! It can help you to understand many concepts which we cover in our IB syllabus:

http://ibchem.com/IB/ibsyllabus.htm

Another good site for revision:

http://www.savitapall.com/classes/2005_2006/sch4ue/index.html

Significant figures

Here is a link to the tutorial of how to use significant figures in your calculations:

http://www.chem.sc.edu/faculty/morgan/resources/sigfigs/index.html

atomic spectra

Atomic properties:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/propsmenu.html#top


The energy levels in atoms and ions are the key to the production and detection of light. Visit the following sites to learn more about the mystery of emission and absorption spectra:

http://www.800mainstreet.com/spect/emission-flame-exp.html

http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~soper/Light/atomspectra.html

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/properties/hspectrum.html

http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys314/lectures/spectra/spectra.html


A nice representation of an origin of a Balmer series in the Hydrogen emission spectrum you can see on the following sites:

http://www.avogadro.co.uk/light/bohr/spectra.htm

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hyde.html

Look on the energy level diagrams for different elements on this site:

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/atomic/grotrian.html#c1

If you want to see the Thomson's cathode ray tube you can visit the following site:

http://www.aip.org/history/electron/jjhome.htm

http://www.aip.org/history/electron/jj1897.htm


The interactive site about Rutherford experiment:

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/rutherford/

http://library.thinkquest.org/19662/low/eng/exp-rutherford.html

Redox equilibria

A rather comprehensive site explaining electrode potentials and electrochemical cells:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/redoxeqiamenu.html#top

Electrolysis of different solutions:

http://mooni.fccj.org/~ethall/2046/ch18/electrol.htm

Real voltaic cells will typically differ from the standard conditions. The Nernst equation takes into account the effect of temperature and ion concentrations on cell potential. Read about the equation on this site:

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/chemical/electrode.html

How can you build the electrochemical cell using fruits? Look at this site:

http://www.funsci.com/fun3_en/electro/electro.htm

UV-Vis Spectroscopy

Here you can read a comprehensive explanation of UV-Vis spectroscopy:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/uvvisiblemenu.html#top



Why are complex ions of transition metals and many organic molecules coloured? You can read on these two sites:


http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/complexions/colour.html

http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/Spectrpy/UV-Vis/spectrum.htm

Isomerism

You can enlarge your understanding about isomerism visiting the following site:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/basicorg/isomermenu.html#top


You can exercise on optical isomerism if you follow the link:

http://scholar.hw.ac.uk/site/chemistry/topic5.asp?outline=no

http://www.wiredchemist.com/chemistry/instructional/intro_chem_geometric.html

Why is optical isomerism important for the biological systems?

http://dl.clackamas.edu/ch106-07/optical.htm

Acids and bases

You can revise here the two theories about acids and bases:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/acideqiamenu.html#top

Analytical methods

You can consult these sites about the three analytical methods mostly used for analysing the sample - Mass spectroscopy, IR - and NMR - spectroscopy:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysismenu.html#top

http://www.rod.beavon.clara.net/spectra.htm

http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey/Ch13/ch13-0.html

Look at this site to see how a mixture of proteins is separated by Affinity chromatography:

http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/genomics/method/Affinity.html

Hybridization

You can consult this site for hybridization of carbon in methane and ethene:
http://www.chemguide.co.uk/basicorg/bonding/ethene.html#top

and the hybridization of carbon and oxygen in carbon dioxide:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/group4/oxides.html

If you follow the link at the end for Main menu you can access sites for Organic reaction mechanisms, bonding etc. You just need time and curiosity!


Bonding, geometry of molecules and hybridization are closely connected. Look at these sites to understand the formation of different types of bonds:

http://library.thinkquest.org/3659/structures/commonstructures.html


http://www.shodor.org/unchem/basic/atom/

A nice demo of hybrid and molecular orbitals:

http://www.colby.edu/chemistry/OChem/DEMOS/Orbitals.html

http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/intro3.htm#strc8a

Carboxylic acids

Very comprehensive site about carboxylic acids:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/basicorg/acidbase/acids.html

Chemical equilibria

How did Napoleon Bonaparte help discover reversible reactions? Visit this excellent site!

http://www.chem1.com/acad/webtext/chemeq/index.html

You can use also these sites for better understanding of chemical equilibria:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/equilibmenu.html#top

http://www.towson.edu/~ladon/chemeq.html

Demonstration:

http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/animations/chang_7e_esp/kim2s2_5.swf

Naming organic compounds

If you want some additional practice in naming organic compounds, visit these sites:

http://www.wpbschoolhouse.btinternet.co.uk/page04/page04.htm

http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/nomen1.htm

Nobel prizes in Chemistry

You can read here about recent Nobel prize winners in Chemistry on this site:

http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/

kinetics

These site are helpful with understanding the factors influencing the rate of reaction:

http://www.docbrown.info/page03/3_31rates.htm


http://www.leekhigh.staffs.sch.uk/science/chemistry/chim/RRfolder/RRE.htm

A comprehensive site about kinetics:

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicratesmenu.html#top

Welcome

Welcome to the Chemistry Blog! I hope this will become a way of enriching our communication.